Mary Mapes Dodge / Мэри Мейпс Додж
Hans Brinker of the Silver Skates / Серебряные коньки. Книга для чтения на английском языке
To my father James J. Mapes this book is dedicated in gratitude and love
Комментарии и словарь Е. Г. Тигонен
© КАРО, 2013
Об авторе
Американская писательница Мэри Мэйпс Додж (18381905) родилась в семье известного изобретателя и ученого-химика Джеймса Дж. Мэйпса, который привил своим шестерым детям любовь к чтению. В 20 лет она вышла замуж за известного адвоката Уильяма Доджа, родила двоих сыновей и вскоре овдовела. Потеряв мужа, она начала писать книги, вначале для своих детей, а потом стала издавать их. Ее перу принадлежат несколько томов стихов и детской прозы, оказавших большое влияние на американскую детскую литературу. Додж была очень любима маленькими читателями в Америке. Ее имя стало одним из самых известных среди детских писателей.
У писательницы было одно подлинное увлечение Голландия. Она собирала самые разнообразные сведения о флоре и фауне, об архитектуре и живописи, истории и литературе этой страны, об обычаях и нравах голландцев. Постепенно этот материал превратился в увлекательную историю, которую она пересказывала перед сном своим сыновьям. Так появилась знаменитая книга «Ханс Бринкер, или Серебряные коньки». Книга впервые вышла в свет в 1865 году и за короткий срок стала бестселлером, ее перевели на множество языков, в том числе на русский (русский перевод называется «Серебряные коньки»).
С 1873 года Додж издавала популярный детский журнал «Святой Николай» (St. Nicolas), в котором частенько печатались такие классики детской литературы, как Марк Твен, Брет Гарт, Роберт Льюис Стивенсон и Редьярд Киплинг. После смерти Мэри Додж издательское дело продолжили ее сыновья.
Hans and Gretel
On a bright December morning long ago, two thinly clad[1] children were kneeling upon the bank of a frozen canal in Holland.
The sun had not yet appeared, but the gray sky was parted near the horizon, and its edges shone crimson with the coming day. Most of the good Hollanders were enjoying a placid morning nap. Even Mynheer[2] von Stoppelnoze, that worthy old Dutchman, was still slumbering in beautiful repose.
Now and then some peasant woman, poising a well-filled basket upon her head, came skimming over the glassy surface of the canal; or a lusty boy, skating to his days work in the town, cast a good-natured grimace toward the shivering pair as he flew along.
Meanwhile, with many a vigorous puff and pull, the brother and sister, for such they were, seemed to be fastening something to their feet not skates, certainly, but clumsy pieces of wood narrowed and smoothed at their lower edge, and pierced with holes, through which were threaded strings of rawhide.
These queer-looking affairs had been made by the boy Hans. His mother was a poor peasant woman, too poor even to think of such a thing as buying skates for her little ones. Rough as these were, they had afforded the children many a happy hour upon the ice. And now, as with cold, red fingers our young Hollanders tugged at the strings their solemn faces bending closely over their knees no vision of impossible iron runners came to dull the satisfaction glowing within.
In a moment the boy arose and, with a pompous swing of the arms and a careless Come on, Gretel, glided easily across the canal.
Ah, Hans, called his sister plaintively, this foot is not well yet. The strings hurt me on last market day, and now I cannot bear them tied in the same place.
Tie them higher up, then, answered Hans, as without looking at her he performed a wonderful cats cradle step on the ice[3].
How can I? The string is too short.
Giving vent to a good-natured Dutch whistle, the English of which was[4] that girls were troublesome creatures, he steered toward her.
You are foolish to wear such shoes, Gretel, when you have a stout leather pair. Your klompen[5] would be better than t hes e.
Why, Hans! Do you forget? The father threw my beautiful new shoes in the fire. Before I knew what he had done, they were all curled up in the midst o the burning peat. I can skate with these, but not with my wooden ones. Be careful now
Hans had taken a string from his pocket. Humming a tune as he knelt beside her, he proceeded to fasten Gretels skate with all the force of his strong young arm.
Oh! oh! she cried in real pain.
With an impatient jerk Hans unwound the string. He would have cast it on the ground in true big-brother style, had he not just then spied a tear[6] trickling down his sisters cheek.
Ill fix it never fear, he said with sudden tenderness, but we must be quick. The mother will need us soon.
Then he glanced inquiringly about him, first at the ground, next at some bare willow branches above his head, and finally at the sky, now gorgeous with streaks of blue, crimson, and gold.
Finding nothing in any of these localities to meet his need, his eye suddenly brightened as, with the air of a fellow who knew what he was about, he took off his cap and, removing the tattered lining, adjusted it in a smooth pad over the top of Gretels worn-out shoe.
Now, he cried triumphantly, at the same time arranging the strings as briskly as his benumbed fingers would allow, can you bear some pulling?
Gretel drew up her lips as if to say, Hurt away, but made no further response.
In another moment they were all laughing together, as hand in hand they flew along the canal, never thinking whether the ice would bear them or not, for in Holland ice is generally an all-winter affair[7]. It settles itself upon the water in a determined kind of way, and so far from growing thin and uncertain every time the sun is a little severe upon it, it gathers its forces day by day and flashes defiance to every beam.
Presently, squeak! squeak! sounded something beneath Hans feet. Next his strokes grew shorter, ending oftimes with a jerk, and finally, he lay sprawling upon the ice, kicking against the air with many a fantastic flourish.
Ha! ha! laughed Gretel. That was a fine tumble! But a tender heart was beating under her coarse blue jacket, and even as she laughed, she came, with a graceful sweep, close to her prostrate brother.
Are you hurt, Hans? Oh, you are laughing! Catch me now! And she darted away, shivering no longer, but with cheeks all aglow and eyes sparkling with fun.
Hans sprang to his feet and started in brisk pursuit, but it was no easy thing to catch Gretel. Before she had traveled very far, her skates, too, began to squeak.
Believing that discretion was the better part of valor, she turned suddenly and skated into her pursuers arms.
Ha! ha! Ive caught you! cried Hans.
Ha! ha! I caught YOU, she retorted, struggling to free herself.
Just then a clear, quick voice was heard calling, Hans! Gretel!
Its the mother, said Hans, looking solemn in an instant.
By this time the canal was gilded with sunlight. The pure morning air was very delightful, and skaters were gradually increasing in numbers. It was hard to obey the summons. But Gretel and Hans were good children; without a thought of yielding to the temptation to linger, they pulled off their skates, leaving half the knots still tied. Hans, with his great square shoulders and bushy yellow hair, towered high above his blue-eyed little sister as they trudged homeward. He was fifteen years old and Gretel was only twelve. He was a solid, hearty-looking boy, with honest eyes and a brow that seemed to bear a sign GOODNESS WITHIN just as the little Dutch zomerhuis[8] wears a motto over its portal. Gretel was lithe and quick; her eyes had a dancing light in them, and while you looked at her cheek the color paled and deepened just as it does upon a bed of pink and white blossoms when the wind is blowing.
As soon as the children turned from the canal, they could see their parents cottage. Their mothers tall form, arrayed in jacket and petticoat and close-fitting cap, stood, like a picture, in the crooked frame of the doorway. Had the cottage been a mile away, it would still have seemed near. In that flat country every object stands out plainly in the distance; the chickens show as distinctly as the windmills. Indeed, were it not for the dikes and the high banks of the canals, one could stand almost anywhere in middle Holland without seeing a mound or a ridge between the eye and the jumping-off place.
None had better cause to know the nature of these same dikes than Dame[9] Brinker and the panting youngsters now running at her call. But before stating WHY, let me ask you to take a rocking-chair trip[10] with me to that far country where you may see, perhaps for the first time, some curious things that Hans and Gretel saw every day.
Holland
Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun. It should be called Odd-land or Contrary-land, for in nearly everything it is different from the other parts of the world. In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea. Great dikes, or bulwarks, have been erected at a heavy cost of money and labor to keep the ocean where it belongs. On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure. Sometimes the dikes give way or spring a leak, and the most disastrous results ensue. They are high and wide, and the tops of some of them are covered with buildings and trees. They have even fine public roads on them, from which horses may look down upon wayside cottages. Often the keels of floating ships are higher than the roofs of the dwellings. The stork clattering to her young on the house peak may feel that her nest is lifted far out of danger, but the croaking frog in neighboring bulrushes is nearer the stars than she. Water bugs dart backward and forward above the heads of the chimney swallows, and willow trees seem drooping with shame, because they cannot reach as high as the reeds nearby.
Ditches, canals, ponds, rivers, and lakes are everywhere to be seen. High, but not dry, they shine in the sunlight, catching nearly all the bustle and the business, quite scorning the tame fields stretching damply beside them. One is tempted to ask, Which is Holland the shores or the water? The very verdure that should be confined to the land has made a mistake and settled upon the fish ponds. In fact, the entire country is a kind of saturated sponge or, as the English poet, Butler[11], called it,
A land that rides at anchor, and is moord,
In which they do not live, but go aboard.
Persons are born, live, and die, and even have their gardens on canal-boats. Farmhouses, with roofs like great slouched hats pulled over their eyes, stand on wooden legs with a tucked-up sort of air, as if to say, We intend to keep dry if we can. Even the horses wear a wide stool on each hoof as if to lift them out of the mire. In short, the landscape everywhere suggests a paradise for ducks. It is a glorious country in summer for barefoot girls and boys. Such wading! Such mimic ship sailing! Such rowing, fishing, and swimming! Only think of a chain of puddles where one can launch chip boats all day long and never make a return trip! But enough. A full recital would set all young America rushing in a body toward[12] the Zuider Zee[13].
Dutch cities seem at first sight to be a bewildering jungle of houses, bridges, churches, and ships, sprouting into masts, steeples, and trees. In some cities vessels are hitched like horses to their owners doorposts and receive their freight from the upper windows. Mothers scream to Lodewyk and Kassy not to swing on the garden gate for fear they may be drowned! Water roads are more frequent there than common roads and railways; water fences in the form of lazy green ditches enclose pleasure-ground, farm, and garden.
Sometimes fine green hedges are seen, but wooden fences such as we have in America are rarely met with in Holland. As for stone fences, a Dutchman would lift his hands with astonishment at the very idea. There is no stone there, except for those great masses of rock that have been brought from other lands to strengthen and protect the coast. All the small stones or pebbles, if there ever were any, seem to be imprisoned in pavements or quite melted away. Boys with strong, quick arms may grow from pinafores to full beards[14] without ever finding one to start the water rings or set the rabbits flying. The water roads are nothing less than canals intersecting the country in every direction. These are of all sizes, from the great North Holland Ship Canal, which is the wonder of the world, to those which a boy can leap. Water omnibuses, called trekschuiten[15], constantly ply up and down these roads for the conveyance of passengers; and water drays, called pakschuyten[16], are used for carrying fuel and merchandise. Instead of green country lanes, green canals stretch from field to barn and from barn to garden; and the farms, or polders[17], as they are termed, are merely great lakes pumped dry. Some of the busiest streets are water, while many of the country roads are paved with brick. The city boats with their rounded sterns, gilded prows, and gaily painted sides, are unlike any others under the sun; and a Dutch wagon, with its funny little crooked pole, is a perfect mystery of mysteries.