chip
We found a chip of Roman pottery in the garden.
chunk
Henry broke off a chunk of chocolate.
crumb
Under the table, birds were pecking at leftover crumbs.
fragment
They were looking for fossils but found only a small fragment of bone.
morsel
Oliver was so hungry he ate up every last morsel of pie.
part
Julia liked the part in the film where owls brought messages.
piece
She couldnt finish the jigsaw. There was one piece missing.
portion
Every guest had a portion of cheese.
scrap
There was an interesting scrap of paper at the crime scene.
shred
The kitten tore the curtains to shreds.
slab
A slab of white stone covered the mouth of the tomb.
speck
If there was a speck of dust my mum would find it.
body NOUN
Your body is every part of you.
boil VERB
When liquid boils, it bubbles.
bubble
Stew bubbled furiously on the stove.
foam
Warm the butter until it foams.
froth
Hot milk rose in the pan and frothed over the top.
heat
Heat the mixture for five minutes.
book NOUN
A book is a number of pages held together inside a cover.
KINDS OF BOOKS:
album
atlas
diary
dictionary
encyclopedia
jotter
manual
notebook
novel
storybook
textbook
thesaurus
boring ADJECTIVE
Something boring is so dull that you have no interest in it.
dreary
We spent a dreary afternoon queuing for concert tickets.
dull
The film was so dull that William fell asleep in the middle of it.
monotonous
The television presenter droned on in a monotonous voice.
mind-numbing
ANTONYM: exciting
bottom (1) NOUN
The bottom of something is the lowest part of it.
base
There were lots of fallen rocks at the base of the cliff.
bed
The bed of the river was sandy.
foot
They stopped at the foot of the mountain and looked up.
foundation
It was an old pillar. The foundation was crumbling.
bottom (2) NOUN
Your bottom is the part of your body that you sit on.
behind
Llewelyn sat there so long that his behind went numb.
bum INFORMAL
Does my bum look big in this? Abduls teenage sister asked.
buttocks
A fall on the ice bruised his buttocks.
rear
While Tom was looking round the farm, a goat butted him in the rear.
box NOUN
A box is a container with straight sides, made from something stiff, like cardboard, wood or plastic.
carton
They took a carton of strawberries with them on the picnic.
case
When we moved, all our books were packed in cases.
chest
Tommy keeps his toys in a chest.
packet
Sarah wanted her own small packet of cereal for breakfast.
brave ADJECTIVE
If you are brave, you show you can do something even if it is frightening.
adventurous
Jack was adventurous and liked to explore new places.
bold
The kitten was bold enough to tap the dog on its nose.
courageous
The courageous dentist agreed to check the lions teeth.
daring
King Arthurs knights did all sorts of daring deeds.
fearless
People doing extreme sports seem fearless.
heroic; intrepid
ANTONYM: cowardly
break (1) VERB
If you break something, it splits into pieces or stops working.
chip
Dont bang that plate down or youll chip it, said Mum.
crack
The ogre gazed at his reflection. This made the mirror crack.
crumble
She sat anxiously crumbling a piece of bread in her fingers.
fall apart
Jeremy gloomily watched his bookshelves fall apart.
shatter
Her voice is so loud it could shatter glass.
smash
There was a smash as the stereo hit the floor.
snap
Simone heard a twig snap behind her. She spun round in alarm.
splinter
The Snow Queen made the glass splinter into a thousand fragments.
break (2) NOUN
A break is a short rest or change.
interval
In the play theres a short interval between two acts.
pause
There was a pause while the teacher hunted for her notes.
rest
Im exhausted, said Daniel. Lets have a rest before we go out.
bright (1) ADJECTIVE
Someone who is bright is quick at learning or noticing things.
brainy
My brothers really brainy. He wants to go to university.
clever
If youre clever, youll put the watch together again, said Jessie.
intelligent
Guide dogs have to be very intelligent.
sharp
Youre very sharp, said the old lady, but you still havent solved the puzzle.
smart
Some people think squirrels are smart, but they often cant find nuts theyve buried.
bright (2) ADJECTIVE
Bright lights and colours are strong and startling.
brilliant
Parrots brilliant colours make them easy to see.
colourful
The magician produced a colourful string of knotted scarves.
dazzling
They shaded their eyes against his dazzling white shirt.
glaring
Glaring headlights blinded Dad and he had to stop the car.
glowing
The bonfire was glowing in the dark.
bright (3) ADJECTIVE
Someone who is bright is cheerful and lively.
cheerful
I like Alex. Hes always so cheerful and jolly in class.
lively
Kamal felt lively and refreshed when he woke up.
bring VERB
If you bring something or someone, you have them with you when you arrive.
carry
He arrived carrying presents for everyone.
guide
Youll need someone to guide you back if its dark.
lead
Firemen often have to lead people out of burning buildings.
take
Taxis were used to take guests to the wedding reception.
build VERB
If you build something, you make it by joining things together.
create
Dad created a wonderful tree house for us.
make
The children made an igloo with small blocks of snow.
put up
We put up a fence round the guinea pigs to keep them safe.
building NOUN
A building is a place, such as a house, that has walls and a roof.
BUILDINGS TO LIVE IN:
apartment
bungalow
castle
cottage
detached house
flat
semi-detached house
terraced house
flat
semi-detached house
terraced house
BUILDINGS TO WORK IN:
factory
fire station
garage
hospital
laboratory
library
lighthouse
police station
shop
skyscraper
studio
windmill
BUILDINGS TO WORSHIP IN:
cathedral
chapel
church
mosque
synagogue
temple
bully VERB
Someone who bullies people hurts or frightens them.
frighten
The witch frightened him into helping her gather mushrooms.
threaten
One of the big boys threatened us.
torment
Stop tormenting your little sister.
bump NOUN
A bump is a raised, uneven part on a surface.
bulge
A bag of sweets made a bulge in his jacket pocket.
hump
There are humps here to slow down traffic.
lump
Our old mattress is full of lumps.
swelling
Chloe had a nasty swelling on her finger.
bump into VERB
If you bump into something, you hit it while you are moving.
bang into
The brakes on his bike failed and he banged into the fence.
collide with
In the dark our car collided with a tree.
hit
He ran into the road without looking and hit a cyclist.
strike
She struck a litter bin when she lost control of her skateboard.
bunch NOUN
A bunch is a group of things together, like flowers or grapes.
bouquet
The bride carried a bouquet of roses.
posy
Emma gave her mum a lovely posy of bright flowers.
spray
Sprays of holly brightened the hall.
bundle NOUN
A bundle is a number of small things gathered together.
batch
The first batch of letters arrived the next day.
collection
We put a collection of newspapers out for recycling.
heap
On the table was a heap of clothes for the charity shop.
pile
A pile of dirty washing was waiting to go to the launderette.
burn VERB
If something is burning, it is on fire.
blaze
A bonfire blazed in the garden.
flame
The fire began to flame green as it caught the ink.
flare
Suddenly a match flared in the darkness.
flicker
He blew gently on the spark and the fire began to flicker.
burst VERB
When something like a balloon or tyre bursts, it splits apart suddenly.
explode
One of the bottles exploded in the heat.
pop
The baby laughed with delight when the bubbles popped.
puncture
A nail punctured one of my tyres.
Cc
call (1) VERB
If you call, you phone or visit someone.
phone
Ill phone you as soon as I get there.
ring
Give me a ring one day next week.
visit
Grandpa wants us to visit tomorrow.
call (2) VERB
If you call someone, you shout for them.
cry
Where are you hiding? she cried.
cry out
Rashid cried out in delight when he saw the otter.
shout
Come on Ben. Youll be late for school, Mum shouted.
yell
Come on in! Tracy yelled. The water is great!
calm (1) ADJECTIVE
If something is calm, it is still and peaceful.
peaceful
Everything seemed peaceful in the church.
still
That afternoon the breeze had dropped and the air was still.
calm (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are calm, you do not seem worried or excited.
cool
She was surprisingly cool about the exciting news.
quiet
The children were very quiet until they saw the mouse.
car NOUN
A car is a road vehicle with wheels and an engine. It needs a driver and usually has room for passengers.
KINDS OF CARS:
convertible
estate
four-wheel drive
hatchback
limousine
minicab
people carrier
racing car
saloon
sports car
taxi
vintage car
care VERB
If you care about something, you are concerned about it.
be bothered
I am bothered about missing my swimming lessons.
be concerned
My brother is concerned about the worlds endangered wildlife.
mind
Gavin said he didnt mind who won the game of chess.
careful (1) ADJECTIVE
If you are careful, you try to do things well.
accurate
The soldier had to be accurate. He had only one chance to hit the target.
thorough
We made a thorough search of the room.
careful (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are careful, you try to do things safely.
alert
In Australia there is a danger of bush fires, and people have to be alert.
cautious
The lifeguard taught them to be cautious around the pool.
wary
Joe was wary of the elephant - it was very large.
watchful
With a toddler, you have to be watchful all the time.
careless (1) ADJECTIVE
If you are careless, you do not take enough care.
messy
My little sister is a messy eater.
sloppy
Her knitting was sloppy, with dropped stitches everywhere.
untidy
The professor was untidy. Now he couldnt find his papers.
careless (2) ADJECTIVE
Careless can also mean not being sensible about things.
reckless
Sam took a reckless leap over the river.
thoughtless
Only thoughtless people went out in the storm without a jacket.
carry VERB
When you carry something, you pick it up and take it with you.
move
He moved the plant over to the window.
take
Wed better take an umbrella.
transport
We need a van to transport our furniture.
catch (1) VERB
If you catch something, like measles, you get that illness.
come down with
Stay away from me or youll come down with chickenpox too, said Beth.
get
I dont want to get this cold.
go down with
Its just like Ross to go down with something at the wrong moment.
catch (2) VERB
If you catch somebody or something, you capture them.