«Will you let him break through?»
«No.»
The boy felt as if he «put his hands in the oven, then two dinosaurs were fighting in front of his eyes. Then, after a bright flash, everything disappeared.
First, his head «weighed 300 pounds, then his legs did. Then «a worm slid on his hip and jumped out,» and «a turtle with a small shell, a long neck, big eyes and a silly smile made him laugh. At last, being weightless, he began to «flip in the air.
«Count how many times.»
«Five.»
He began to «flip in the air again. This time he had ten «flips.»
A series of transformations, which lasted for about thirty minutes, ended with the formation of a sensation of even heat throughout his body, and the boy felt the opportunity to open his eyes.
A lump of cottage cheese
I was interested in following the outcome of his healing after that process of spontaneous self-regulation. I asked about the condition of the boy in a month. He was healed. Two months later I met him once more.
He maintained balance in his sensations. He enjoyed playing with his friend. «Everything is good. I can play and jump,» he said. Only a small crimson scar under his jaw reminded about his former problems.
«Scars adorn a man,» I remarked.
«I have got enough of them,» my little patient said proudly
The boy reproduced the dynamics of recovery: steady internal heat remained after our meeting. «We were going to take him to the regional center for a more massive operation, but the need for this somehow disappeared by itself. The wounds began to heal,» his mother added. We communicated with him on February 8th, and on March 8th he was already at school. Later his health was improving steadily. His relatives noticed that in he also became calmer.
At the end of my communication with the boy his aunt expressed a desire to talk with me about her problems. It was an indirect sign of recognition of the connection between the session and the recovery by the boys relatives. A large lump of fresh cottage cheese, which I brought to Moscow to my children, seemed to me a great reward for my modest question: «What do you feel?»
When you can let happen transformations like those, described by my little patient, nothing else is necessary.
In a few other cases, the challenge is to make the sensations flow. Such transformations are the essence of therapeutic achievements.
Do not talk
To tell the truth, sometimes I almost fall asleep when the patient tries to describe in detail the story of his suffering, not hurrying to work through it. It happens not only to me. In the Technique and practice of psychoanalysis Ralph Grinson especially considers such cases when a psychoanalyst accidentally falls asleep during a psychoanalysis session. He recommends not to blame the patient. I can cope with it even without pinching my own hand, but I do not tend to overestimate the effectiveness of this method of psychotherapeutic session and try to warn the patient about the uselessness of just listing the facts.
To avoid this, at the first mentioning of a significant event for the patients, which left a mark in their soul, I prefer to work through the consequent of their experiences, to verify the expediency of its storage, instead of being limited to a simple listing the imprints of events in their soul. I call it the non-slip principle.
Though it is possible to talk as well
However, I must note that there is no need to impose a rather closed, non-objective language of body sensations, when a person calls for an open conversation on existential topics and the balance of their state is not in doubt. Indications for SPT method are very wide, but not unlimited. It is the way to restore the resource of a person. It is needed in almost 100% of cases, but it is not the only thing that the patient may need. Thus, the psychotherapist is not obliged to use the methods of SPT always and everywhere.
We will continue to talk about situations where the balance of the human condition still raises doubts.
The ending to the beginning
With the time, the phase of communication between the doctor and the patient, conventionally called the relaxation phase, became increasingly valuable. I learned to perceive it as a kind of goal, the culmination of the process of psychotherapy,
I once noticed that I was not at all inclined to talk to a patient. Of course, I mean «conversation of minds.» Taking into consideration the importance of the influence of affective charges on a patients thinking, I found out that it made sense to «talk to the boss (unconscious), in the words of M. Erickson, and not with subordinates (thoughts of conscious mind).
It was easier to find «the boss by the sensations in the patients body.
The direct appeal to the sensations from the very beginning of the work marked the opening of a unique opportunity to change the state directly, without talking (in the usual meaning of this word). The old formula «conversation relaxation conversation was replaced by a new one: «relaxation conversation relaxation.
The idea, that the analysis of the patients circumstances was usually given an exaggerated value, began to strengthen. In fact, not these circumstances are so important, but how the patient «stands in them. It is important to help a person to take a different position in relation to the circumstances, to find another their state. The further is the matter of their own life.
The second phase became the first. Conversations began to start with the analysis of a condition, instead of a situation. Somatopsychotherapy is an exceptional care for the patients condition.
Separation of the concepts of patients condition and patients problem
Often the conversation with the therapist flows into the area of discussion of the patients problems. I think this is a minimally productive approach. But firstly, let us define what there is besides the patients problems.
«The patients problem is what makes the body react. The perceived information about the situation inside or outside the body, deviates from the optimal. So, the persons consider the restoration of its optimality to be their vital task. This is the basis for their concern.
What is meant to solve the problem is the patients state. This is the life resource, the certain configuration of sensations in the body.
Perceptions of situations and responses to them vary widely. What is a difficult problem for one, is nothing for the other; when ones react with all their beings the others can stay completely indifferent. This observation makes you think about the initial state in which a person perceives the situation, evaluates it and forms a reaction to it. The constitutional and genetic factors, the early history of the individual and so on, play an important role in the formation of the patients state. It is important that by the time of the meeting with the psychotherapist, the result of the life of this particular person (with his genes, personal history and education) is presented in the form of a state with a certain configuration of internal sensations.
Temperature above 39 degrees
There is a number of situations when the patients condition itself (for example, tension) is a problem. As the temperature in case of inflammation goes above 39 degrees. The increase in temperature is natural, of course, but not to such an extent.
Entering the psychotherapeutic room, the patients do not always know what they did it for: in order to solve their problems, or to change their condition. (The third option is the question of how to constructively apply their condition to the problematic situations without changing it a lot). In fact, the problems of the patients are solved outside the therapeutic room. They come here to rate their state of mind in which they try solving the problems and to optimize it.
Psychocatalysis of body sensations is a method of changing the patients state and restoring their resources. It is not about solving their problems, unless, we consider the state of their health a special problem. In this case it is a «metaproblem, the solution of which determines the solution of all other problems.
Separation of the concepts of psychotherapy and exchange of experience
It is known that some psychotherapists, including the most authoritative, like M. Erickson or A. Alexeichik, did not shy away from acting as advisers to their patients. There is nothing unnatural in it: a wise person shares with the other one, who is not so wise, their life experience, possibilities, and the program of actions. Such advice of the psychotherapist is distinguished by the fact that it is given technically, with the special approach. The instructions remain in the patients mind until their full implementation But it is not psychotherapy it is an exchange of experience in solving different problems between the experienced and inexperienced persons. The same applies to psychological problem counseling.
We are going to talk about psychotherapy, about helping to change the patients state. With such an approach the problems of life will go beyond the brackets. In the field of our study there will be only living beings themselves. The question will be only the following: in what state do they live? In what state do they solve their problems? One of the basic beliefs of the SPT is that it is good to solve problems when the one who solves them is a calm state which is consistent with the position expressed by Freud: responsible decisions should be taken only after analysis.
The main concern of a somatopsychotherapist is to find what the patients resources, their energy, and their attention are being spent for. The work of a SPA therapist can be compared with the work of a prospector. The golden nuggets, that they extract, are the «petrified emotions.» The fact, that they look more like coal, should not be embarrassing. «Gold, hidden in this ore, is the priceless energy of life, like human life itself is.
Not in blind
Activation of moving sensations, such as described in the case of the twelve-year-old boy, is quite common both in the states of psychic genesis and somatic disorders. It is always surprising, delighting and reassuring when the body itself specifies and solves all the issues.
Typically, the sensations themselves are mostly «blind. As for somatopsychotherapy, the control over this process is particularly important.
First and second level questions
To find out the characteristics of what is disturbing the somatopsychotherapist can go in two directions: the questions of so-called second level require more body energy for the implementation of the reaction, because the expected response is uncertain and creative. Where is your fear? In the belly. What does it feel like? A jellyfish.
The «first level questions are less energy-intensive, and the answers are more predictable. No wonder they are called guiding questions. «Where do you your feel fear: in the head, in the chest, in the stomach, or anywhere else? Is it something big or small, light or dark, heavy or light, dense or soft, or anything else?» You can ask about more details, bringing the questions to the «zero level.» «Does it weigh a hundred grams, two hundred, three hundred, five hundred, a kilo, more, less? Does it feel like gas, liquid, mass, stone, wood, metal, or anything else? Is it an object, a plant, an animal, or anything else?» The series of questions can be continued.
However, to go «below zero, i.e. to assert something or to impose ones intuition, is highly undesirable. Unfortunately, this principle is often violated. (And, of course, always with the best intentions!)
A well working patient
Being in the working process, a patient begins to understand what is required. The questions become more concise. During one session, already by the third approach (approach means a complete cycle of work; there can be several complete cycles during one session), a well-taught patient can quite correctly answer simple questions. Where are the sensations related to that age? (This refers to the age indicated in the figure in the drawing test). And the patient says, In the head. What is there? Dark heavy mass. That means that the patient does not need specifying tips such as: Where are the sensations associated with the exact age: in the head, chest, abdomen, or anywhere else? Is it something big, small, light, or dark? What is it made of? anymore.
But even for such an «ideal patient some clarifying questions can be appropriate: «Is it in the forehead, in the back of the head, in the crown, or in the temples? How many grams is it? What is its size or volume?»
Somatopsychotherapy Debuts
Psychotherapy works with disorders. Disorders can be acute or chronic. Usually the patients come to the first appointment to the psychotherapist when chronic disorders have been supplemented with the acute ones and their life has become unbearable. What does the therapists do at the first meetings? They react to the patients acute disorders. What does they do next? They respond to the chronic disorders that the patient often does not realize.
The acute disorder can again occur in the patients when their fate is changing. In general, the probability of meeting an acute state at the beginning of psychotherapeutic contact is higher than in the future.
Why do I mention this well-known to every therapist fact? Because it is related to the topic of this chapter. At different phases of work with a patient, different approaches will be preferable, different debuts will be played.
From the actual
The general pattern is as follows: at the beginning of the appointment a patient is so full of different experiences that it is not necessary to look for them, they openly come out and it is easy to work with them. The patients can be quickly turned to talk about what they are experiencing. If they describe their body symptoms, such as a stone in a soul, it will only be necessary to specify if it is large or small, heavy, or light. If they mention the overloading of their forehead with restless thoughts, you can just ask: how many of them (thoughts) have accumulated there, whether they are large or small, what they are made of in theirsensation, etc.