E. Movie violence these days is louder and bloodier than ever before. When a bad guy was shot in a black-and-white Western, the most we saw was a puff of smoke and a few drops of fake blood. Now the sights, sounds, and special effects often jar us more than the real thing. Slow motion and pyrotechnics conspire to make movies and TV shows more gruesome than ever.
F. University of Illinois psychologist Leonard Eron studied children at age eight and then again at eighteen. He found that television habits established at the age of eight influenced aggressive behaviour through childhood and adolescent years. The more violent were the programs preferred by boys in the third grade, the more aggressive was their behaviour, both at that time and ten years later.
G. In the debate about execution and human dignity, supporters and opponents of the death penalty have found very little common ground. Since the 18th century, those who wish to abolish the death penalty have stressed the significance of requiring governments to recognize the importance of each individual. However, supporters of this penal practice see nothing wrong with governments deliberately killing terrible people who commit terrible crimes.
11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски AF частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 17. Одна из частей в списке 17 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Reality Television
Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described ___ (A). Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, ___ (B).
Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows to surveillance-focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term «reality television is somewhat of a misnomer ___ (C). The participants of these shows are often put in exotic locations or abnormal situations and are sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, whereas the events on screen are manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques.
Part of reality televisions appeal is ___ (D). Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, mainly in talent and performance programmes such as Pop Idol, ___ (E).
Some commentators have said that the name «reality television is an inaccurate description for several styles of programme included in the genre. In competition-based programmes such as Big Brother and The Real World, producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, ___ (F). Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts
1. the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000
2. though frequently Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity
3. that is rather popular with teenagers
4. because such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality
5. as a form of artificial documentary
6. creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out
7. due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 1218. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Harrys World
Its best to be here early, especially on Saturdays. The rising pitch of the kettle is whistle joined with the faint hiss from the little blue camping stove. Twenty years old, that stove, found the receipt in a drawer just the other day a bargain at four pounds fifty but it always pays to hang onto the receipts. Its Saturday today. By eight-thirty the staff have all arrived, I cant hear them directly, but the soft, distant voices of the lifts rising and falling give them away.
Of course, there is routine that measures time doesnt it? Even the period before Christmas and during the sales that follow, routine is still there, although the time stretches and contracts as the public ebb and flow through the building like an unpredictable tide routine will still be there, disguised, beneath the surface, an undertow. As the management ritually pull out their hair, thicken their arteries, bark at their coworkers and re-prioritise their priorities behind it all routine will be waiting. Everyone here is a slave to it.. even if they move on, get married, die.. there will always be others to master, to enslave. I too am a slave to routine.. but I dont mind.
I look at the long white envelope with my name printed neatly in the centre, its edges slightly curled as though to fend off the surrounding army of clutter on the desk. An intruder. A foreign object.
I go down the stairs and open the main doors. Cant keep the public waiting. Today is much like any other day. In amongst the structure of routine women drift like ghosts amid the lingerie, touching here, feeling there while husbands linger on the periphery of their erratic orbits, faces masked with bored indifference; in the homeware section, tweed-skirted ladies lift the lids on teapots; sniff, like careful poodles at bowls of Pot Porri, turn everything upside down to check the price and replace it quickly at the approach of an eager assistant. The sun streams through the plate glass windows in great broad beams, igniting every chrome fitting, while tired and wayward children are narrowly missed by my trolleys wheels.
At 11 oclock I go to the meeting with Mr. Radcliffe, the manager. He is a fat man, and the smallest motion on his part induces him to break into a sweat. He sits across the desk from me with the air of a man who has never dared to look a day in the eye. He speaks quickly and a little pompously, his eyes drifting toward the clock on the wall more often than my face. He says his words carefully, as though trying to pull each one down with the gravity of his tone. He endeavours to grant some words such as «free time, «benefit package, «pension fund, «hobbies and «exemplary service an even greater weight of importance, but succeeds only in sweating some more as he glances to the clock.
In the staff canteen at lunchtime I see Mr. Radcliffe again as he orders a main course and two sweets, but this is not an unusual occurrence as far as I am aware. I dont often come here, preferring to eat in my room upstairs, there I can read uninterrupted. But today I choose the canteen, although even here I am isolated to an island table set for six thats fine. I am not so naive to be unaware that I have a certain reputation here a kind of gruff aloofness. I dont actually believe this is part of my nature.. or at least it never used to be. I like to be my own man, thats all. Ive little time for idle gossip. Years ago, when the new, young starters would arrive in June or July, I was more sociable. They would plague me for tips on the horses, or pop up to my «office for a skive or a cup of tea. But it all got a little out of hand. I no longer had any peace. So I became a little testy with them, and my annoyance soon became more organised. I became unpredictable and aggressive, this became a bit of a game, then a habit, and in the end.. finally.. me.
Its dusk now and the store is quiet again. The kettle rocks gently on the metal frame of the stove. I glance around my room; the rows of books and piles of magazines, the ancient portable television, the radio. I have very few real possessions. What, really, does one man need? Ive brought the things little by little from the flat. Now I think I have all that is required. I suppose, on occasion, they have suspected I stay here through the night, but that doesnt bother me. It was a relief to let the flat go completely, I never felt at home there.
I have taken the retirement letter from its envelope and dropped it onto the worn lino. Now it lies there like a broken kite. I will sit here; wait until the mice come out from their hidden places to nibble at its corners and eat its words.
12. The narrators stove
1) was bought in the second-hand shop.
2) was bought twelve years ago.
3) was rather expensive.
4) cost less than its usual price.
Ответ:
13. According to the narrator,
1) the working hours of the store are always the same.
2) there are things that people do regularly.
3) there is always a sale in the shop before Christmas.
4) he hates the routine.
Ответ:
14. While shopping
1) husbands show real interest in what their wives are buying.
2) ladies examine carefully all the goods.
3) children are easy to control because they are tired.
4) shop assistants dont want to help customers.
Ответ:
15. Mr Radcliffe
1) is a tall slim man.
2) always wears a sweater.
3) wants to show his importance.
4) speaks quietly.
Ответ:
16. The narrator usually
1) chooses the staff canteen to have lunch.
2) has lunch with the management.
3) doesnt have lunch at all.
4) prefers to read during his lunchtime.
Ответ:
17. The narrator has a reputation of
1) an unfriendly person not wishing to talk to people.
2) a friendly and sociable person.
3) a person who enjoys gossiping.
4) a person who tests people.
Ответ:
18. The narrator lives in his office because
1) it is very comfortable.
2) he doesnt bother to go home.
3) he doesnt like his flat.
4) he has very few real possessions.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 1018 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 1924, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 1924.
Telling Stories
19. Books tell stories, films tell stories and we tell one another stories. Telling stories ___________ important since people first sat around a camp fire. BE
20. Back then, hundreds of thousands of years ago, people ___________ stories about things they had done earlier that day while hunting. TELL
21. A hunter could make ___________ sound very brave in his own story. HE
22. They also made up mythical stories, ___________ the world around them and where they came from. EXPLAIN
23. Many of ___________ stories became part of their culture because they were told many times. THAT
24. Long before writing ___________, people learnt stories from their parents and passed them on to their own children. APPEAR.
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 2529, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 2529.
Marlon Brando
25. Marlon Brando was perhaps the greatest film actor of his generation. He was born in 1924 and people soon realised that he was ___________. TALENT
26. However, he never did very well at school and he never seemed to be interested in ___________. EDUCATE
.When he finally left school, he travelled to New York, where he became a ___________ at drama school. STUDY
27. There, he heard about the ideas of the Russian Konstantin Stanislavski, who had developed a way to bring acting closer to ___________. REAL
28. Brando used Stanislavskis ideas in his acting and during the 1940s he appeared in ___________ plays on Broadway. VARY
29. The critics liked him and he slowly became better known. His first major ___________ was in the film «A Streetcar Named Desire (1947)». He became world famous and a star was born. SUCCEED
***Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 3036. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 3036, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
A Long Way
«Come on. Ill help you.» The voice came from the left and Jenny turned her head in that direction.