What multimedia features does it have?
What can this computer be used for? Why?
Now you know:
components of computer hardware;
how to use Passive Voice.
Vocabulary:
Unit 3. Network hardware
1. Divide the following advantages and disadvantages of network hardware and express your opinion about each point:
1. Requires electricity to function, which can be unreliable in some places.
2. Helps you connect to the Internet and share data
3. Provides access to a lot of information and resources
4. May require technical expertise to troubleshoot problems
5. Makes it possible for multiple devices to work together
6. Allows you to work from home or other remote locations
7. Can slow down if there are too many users
8. Can make your work faster and more efficient
9. Can be expensive to set up and maintain
10. Needs to be protected from hackers and viruses
Advantages:______________________________________________
Disadvantages:___________________________________________
Phrases to express your opinion:
In my opinion
As I see it
Personally I think that
My point of view is that
2. Read the text and put the missing words:
In this article we are going to have a look at the main 1.______. They are crucial to know for systems administrators:
2.______. It is designed to organize a WI-Fi network and connect to the Internet (from LAN to WAN). Having one Internet connection point (one cable) you can connect a large number of devices. Try to differentiate this device and a WI-FI adapter. A Wi-Fi adapter is small and it connects a computer to a WI-FI network. A ______, in this case, is a more complex device that not only receives and transmits data, but also manages the network.
3.______. It is designed to connect several elements of computer equipment into one network. A device of this type has a simplier structure than a router. When devices are connected to the same network, the ______ compiles a switching table into which it writes the port number and MAC address of each network element. This ensures that data is transmitted strictly from one user to another. They differ only in the number of input ports and bandwidth. Some of them can be equipped with wireless communication modules.
4.______. This device usually has one port for connecting an external cable (for incoming traffic). The point works in several modes:
a.5.______ the point accepts external connections to combine them into one wireless network through a Wi-Fi adapter.
b.6.______ the point works to unite physically remote LAN networks into one network to avoid unnecessary data transfers if the receiving device is not there.
c.7.______ the point acts as a transceiver or repeater. A weak signal that comes from another similar point is received, amplified and transmitted further to the addressee.
8.______. Cables provide signal transmission to connect different devices on a network.
9.______. NIC are usually built into a motherboard (or can be added externally) to provide information transfer between network computers.
10.______. This hardware or software device prevent attacks of hackers by blocking unauthorized connections made to a computer or LAN.
3. Look at the scheme and write the names of network hardware in the gaps:
4. Match the words from the text with their definitions:
5. Complete the sentences with the words from ex.4:
1.You can _____ network-manager package on Ubuntu easily with several commands.
2.On Windows OS you need a network adapter to connect to the Internet through a _____ or wireless _____.
3.HTTP is the protocol used to indicate how _____ are not only defined, but also _____.
4.Remember to switch the _____ on when you go on vacations.
5.Use these options to _____ and disable optional codecs.
6.The ability to guarantee the functional correctness of digital integrated circuits is the main task in the production of _____ and _____ systems.
7.Antivirus can _____ the installation of some applications.
8._____ headphones are connected via Bluetooth.
6. Put the phrases from the dialogue into correct order and answer the questions:
Beginning of the dialogue:
Hello, I have a problem with my WI-FI router.
Good afternoon, could you please describe your problem in details?
1) -Yes, I switched it off, unplugged all cables and then plugged in and turned on. It didnt help.
Ok. Lets check your cables first and if it still doesnt work, we will check all necessary settings: one cable, which should be connected to your computer, must be in LAN connector, the other one from our provider in WAN.
2) -Yes, please, today I tried to connect my router to the Internet but it is written «without Internet access».
Have you already rebooted it?
3) -No, I appreciate your help, bye!
Have a nice day, goodbye.
4) -It works! Thank you so much!
Not at all, is there anything else I can help you with?
5) -Let me check it Oh, does this WAN connector has a white colour?
No, its a grey one, on the right side.
6) -How can I check the speed of the Internet?
Open your browser, type «speed test» and click on the first website. Then press «start» and you will see your speed.
7) -One moment please Yes, now everything is correct.
Ok. Turn on your router once again and tell me if the connection appears or not.
8) -Ok, Ill do it. Thanks!
May I assist you with anything further?
What was the problem?
How was it solved?
Have you ever had any problems with the Internet access in your company? What did you do?
7. Look at the pictures and match them with the types of network:
WAN
LAN PAN
MAN
8. Answer the questions:
What do LAN/WAN/MAN/PAN mean?
What are the differences between LAN and WAN?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using WAN?
Can you characterize PAN?
9. Look at the statements from the dialogue and complete the rules:
a) Turn on your router once again and tell me if the connection appears or not.
b) Open your browser, type «speed test» and click on the first website.
c) Then press «start» and you will see your speed.
Imperative (повелительное наклонение):
We use the imperative to 1.______.
In positive sentence we write 2._____ form of the verb.
In negative sentence we write 3._____ before the verb.
1.a. make an offer
b. talk about abilities
c. give instructions and orders
2.a. base
b. -ing
c. second
3.a. doesnt
b. dont
c. didnt
10. Complete the instruction opening the brackets:
How to upgrade Ubuntu to 23.04
_____ (to open) the «Terminal» application.
_____ (to fetch) update software list by running the sudo apt-get update command
_____ (to type) in the command «sudo apt dist-upgrade» and _____ (to press) enter
_____ (to install) update-manager-core package.
Then _____ (to upgrade) distro and _____ (to run) the command «sudo do-release-upgrade» until you get Ubuntu 23.04 version
_____ (not to switch off) your computer while updating.
_____ (not to click) on anything while updating.
Once the update is complete, _____ (to reboot) your computer to finish the process.
11. Write an instruction on how to upgrade Microsoft OS using the words below:
_________________________________________________________________
Useful words:
to switch on/switch off = to turn on/turn off включить/выключить
to back up сделать резервное копирование
to type in напечатать в
to press нажать (кнопку)
to click on кликнуть на
to reboot перезагрузить
to head into проследовать в
to install установить
Now you know:
different types of network;
how to express your opinion;
how to give instructions.
Vocabulary:
Unit 4. Servers
1. Look at the word below and complete the scheme with the information that you know:
2. Discuss the questions:
1) How important are severs to companies?
2) What kind of data do servers store?
3) Can you name any characteristics that a server might have?
4) What security measures do you think a company need to take when dealing with servers?
5) What problems may occur if a server doesnt work correctly?
3. Read the dialogue and put the words in brackets into correct order:
Kathrine office worker
Jack system administrator
K.: Hi, Jack. 1._____ (you/sorry/bother/to), but Leon said that only you could help me. 2._____ (5 minutes/I/may/of your time/you/ask/for)?
J.: Ok.
K.: Thanks! 3._____ (you/I/ ask/wanted to/about) servers were using at work.
J: Well, we have one physical server on-premise and also we use OpenStack VMs for some applications.
K.: 4._____ (I/wondering/was/if you/me/could/to/help) explain the difference between a physical server and an OpenStack VM.
J.: Sure. A physical server is a sort of hardware that can be touched and seen, you know. It processes data, RAM and disk space. Moreover, this server hosts virtual machines. In our company all VMs were created by OpenStack software. Such virtual machines we call instances.
K.: Thats interesting. 5._____ (understand/If/correctly/I), we can create a lot of instances with the use of OpenStack to run various applications?
J.: Exactly. Furthermore, each instance can be allocated its own resources like CPU, memory, and storage. We can even assign them to specific VLANs.
K.: Pardon? 6._____ (I/catch/didnt) what VLANs are.
J.: A VLAN is a Virtual Local Area Network. Its used to separate networks or network segments logically without needing two physical networks. This helps in efficient utilization of resources within an organizations network infrastructure. So, its like having different groups of logical switches so we can control LAN traffic depending upon users or applications you wish to provide connectivity to.
K.: I see. You also mentioned RAM. How can it affect servers performance?
J.: The amount of RAM will determine how many programs you can run simultaneously and how fast it could be. If there isnt enough RAM, the system will slow down or crash because it doesnt have enough available memory to handle all the requests.
K.: 7._____ (got/I/it). And what about security?
J.: Dont worry. We use firewalls, encryption methods, antivirus software, and regular maintenance updates to keep our servers secure.
K.: 8._____ (now,/Thats/you/clear/thanks). I have one more question: how do we ensure that our server is always operating efficiently?
J.: Its easy. We monitor its performance regularly, analyse usage patterns, and make adjustments which are needed to optimise its speed and reliability.
K. All right. 9._____ (Thanks/all this/ for explaining).
J.: No problem. See you!
4. Read the text once again and answer the questions:
What information does Kate want to know?
What is the difference between a physical server and an OpenStack VM?
How does RAM affect server performance?
What other security measures can be used to protect servers?
5. Write the missing letters to complete the words:
server _n-pr_m_se a physical server which is located in companys building or data center.
appl_ca_ion a program which performs exact functions for users.
to _o_t to be somewhere e.g., in cloud
vir_ual ma_h_ne a resource that uses software instead of a physical computer to run programs and deploy apps.
In_t_n_e another name for VM used for clouds
to _ll_cate to divide
_L_N a network that groups together devices that share a physical LAN, isolating the traffic for each group.
ut_l_za_ion using something
network infrastructure a set of hardware and software to maintain a network.
to _ff_ct to influence on something
p_rfo_m_nce how well something works
to slo_ do_n to move slower
to _rash to fall, to break
to h_n_le to deal with something
r_q_est a message with the task
_ncr_pt_on a changing of data into a secret code to protect an information from stealing
m_inten_nc_ upd_te a new release of software without new functions for fixing bugs
to mon_tor to check
to anal_se to study in detail
adjus_me_t a small change
to opt_mise to make something better
6. Complete the situations with the words from the ex.5:
affect monitor VM slow down network infrastructure allocate application server on-premise host optimise
1.Stanley: «Can you please create a new ______ for testing?»
Dave: «Ok, but firstly I need to know if we ______ enough resources to do it.»
2.Jenny: «Do we need to install the ______?»
David: «Why not? Its more secure that way.»
3.Ann: «Does the new software ______ the current system?»
Oliver: «Yes, it does. We need to test it before implementing.»
4. Elena: «What ______ did you install yesterday?»
Martha: «Spotify. I finally decided to try it.»
5.Nora: «Can a network infrastructure ______ over time?»
Nikita: «Yes, if its not maintained properly.»
6.Noah: «How can we ______ the network speed?»
Ivan: «We can try allocating more bandwidth to the critical applications.»
7. Rob: «We need to find a place to ______ our website.»
Brian: «I heard Bluehost is a good option.»
8.Lucas: «We need to ______ the ______ closely.»
Dan: «Yes, any issues can affect all the connected devices.»
7. Read the text from the ex.3 once again and complete the table with the phrases from the text and the additional section:
Additional phrases:
a. Thats clear, thank you.
b. I appreciate your explanation.
c. I need some assistance, please.
d. Could you please clarify?
e. I think we are not on the same page.
f. Could you do me a favor?
g. Im terribly sorry but
8. Fill in the gaps with the missing phrases from ex.7:
Alex systems engineer
Sergei service team manager
Sergei: Good morning, _______? (apology)
Alex: Hello, yes.
Sergei: I _____ (ask for help) invite you to an unplanned meeting in 10 minutes time, because you will be engaged in one more project.
Alex: ______ (apology). I dont have any time for it today.
Sergei: Why? Were going to discuss an important issue about working at the weekend.
Alex: But today is Monday. You can reschedule the meeting for Thursday or Friday, for instance.
Sergei: ______ (clarification)
Alex: _____ (apology) I need to finish the configuration of 10 servers in few hours time. So I cant participate in a meeting.
Sergei: _____ (misunderstanding). You can do it right after our call.
Alex: No, its my high priority task for now. If I do something wrong, that can lead to crash, or dont meet a deadline, there will be problems with the client. Are you ready to take these risks?
Sergei: No, I suppose. _____ (appreciation for explanations), so take your time. Maybe Ill transfer our meeting for tomorrow because this new project is connected with our new customer and we need to start it as soon as possible.
Alex: Ok, _____ (understanding).
Sergei: In this case Im looking forward to seeing you tomorrow.
Alex: Deal with it.
9. Read the sentences and choose the functions of grammar tenses in them:
10. Study the rules:
Future Simple and be going to
We use Future Simple:
to talk about predictions based on our opinion (I think it will be better to upgrade it as soon as possible.);
to make spontaneous decisions (Ok, we will try to call them.);
to make promises (I will do everything to prevent a server crash.).
We use be going to:
to talk about our plans (I am going to do 3 tasks today);
to talk about predictions based on facts (We noticed some problems with VMs resources, so we are going to optimize it.).
11. Put the verbs into the correct future grammar forms:
1. (our company optimise) the website as we planned?
2. The overall operation of services reduces the Internet speed, so we _ (expand) the Internet channels.
3. I think we _ (monitor) the progress of the project closely.
4. Tomorrow, I _ (have a meeting) with my boss to discuss my KPI.
5. The CEO _ (not allocate) additional money for IT department.