Кто за главного? Свобода воли с точки зрения нейробиологии - Майкл Газзанига 28 стр.


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47 Elston G. N. (2003) Cortex, cognition and the cell: new insights into the pyramidal neuron and prefrontal function. Cerebral Cortex. 13 (11): 1124-1138.

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49 См.: Buxhoeveden D., Casanova M. (2000) Comparative latéralisation patterns in the language area of human, chimpanzee, and rhesus monkey brains. Laterality. 5 (4): 315-330; а также G i lis sen E. (2001) Structural symmetries and asymmetries in human and chimpanzee brains. In: Falk D., Gibson K. R. (eds.) Evolutionary anatomy of the primate cerebral cortex (E 187-215).. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

50 Vermeire B., Hamilton C. R. (1998) Inversion effect for faces in split-brain monkeys. Neuropsychologia. 36 (10): 1003-1014.

51 Halpern M. E. et al. (2005) Lateralization of the vertebrate brain: taking the side of model systems. Journal of Neuroscience. 25 (35): 10351-10357.

52 См. обзор: Hutsler J.J., Galuske R. A.W. (2003) Hemispheric asymmetries in cerebral cortical networks. Trends in Neuroscience. 26 (8): 429-435.

53 Black P., Myers R. E. (1964) Visual function of the forebrain commissures in the chimpanzee. Science. 146 (3645): 799-800.

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55 Rilling J. K. et al. (2008) The evolution of the arcuate fasciculus revealed with comparative DTI. Nature Neuroscience. 11 (4): 426-428.

56 Preuss T. M. (2003) What is it like to be a human? In: Gazza-niga M.S. (ed.) The cognitive neurosciences III (P. 14-15). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

57 Elston G. N. (2003) Cortex, cognition and the cell: new insights into the pyramidal neuron and prefrontal function. Cerebral Cortex. 13 (11): 1124-1138.

58 Elston G. N. et al. (2006) Specializations of the granular prefrontal cortex of primates: implications for cognitive processing. The Anatomical Record. 288A (1): 26-35.

59 Williamson A. et al. (1993) Comparison between the membrane and synaptic properties of human and rodent dentate granule cells. Brain Research. 622 (1-2): 194-202.

60 Nimchinsky E. A. et al. (1995) Spindle neurons of the human anterior cingulate cortex. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 355 (1): 27-37.

61 Fajardo C. et al. (2008) Von Economo neurons are present in the dorsolateral (dysgranular) prefrontal cortex of humans. Neuroscience Letters. 435 (3): 215-218.

62 Nimchinsky E. A. et al. (1999) A neuronal morphologic type unique to humans and great apes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (9): 5268-5273.

63 Allman J. M. et al. (2005) Intuition and autism: a possible role for von Economo neurons. Trends in Cognitive Science. 9 (8): 367-373.

64 Hakeem A. Y. et al. (2009) Von Economo neurons in the elephant brain. The Anatomical Record. 292 (2): 242-248.

65 Hof P. R., van der Gucht E. (2007) Structure of the cerebral cortex of the humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Balaenopteridae). The Anatomical Record. 290 (1): 1-31.

66 Butti C. etal. (2009) Total number and volume of von Economo neurons in the cerebral cortex of cetaceans. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 515 (2): 243-259.

67 Bystron I. et al. (2006) The first neurons of the human cerebral cortex. Nature Neuroscience. 9: 880-886.

Глава 2. Параллельный и распределенный мозг

1 Galton F. (1879) Psychometric experiments. Brain. 2:149-162.

2 Caramazza A., Shelton J. R. (1998) Domain-specific knowledge systems in the brain: the animate-inanimate distinction. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 10 (1): 1-34.

3 Boyer P, Barrett H. C. (2005) Domain specificity and intuitive ontology. In: Buss D.M. (ed.) The handbook of evolutionary psychology (P 96-118). NY: Wiley.

4 Barrett H.C. (2005) Adaptations to predators and prey. In: Buss D.M. (ed.) The handbook of evolutionary psychology (P 200-223). NY: Wiley.

5 Coss R. G. et al. (1993) Development of antisnake defenses in California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi): II. Microevo-lutionary effects of relaxed selection from rattlesnakes. Behaviour. 124 (1-2): 137-164.

6 См: Stamm J. S., Sperry R. W. (1957) Function of corpus callosum in contralateral transfer of somesthetic discrimination in cats. Journal of Comparative Physiological Psychology. 50 (2): 138-143; а также Glickstein M., Sperry R. W. (1960) Intermanual somesthetic transfer in split-brain rhesus monkeys. Journal of Comparative Physiological Psychology. 53 (4): 322-327.

7 . Akelaitis A. J. (1945) Studies on the corpus callosum: IV. Diagnostic dyspraxia in epileptics following partial and complete section of the corpus callosum. American Journal of Psychiatry. 101: 594-599.

8 См.: Gazzaniga M. S. et al. (1962) Some functional effects of sectioning the cerebral commissures in man. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 48 (10): 1765-1769; Gazzaniga M.S. et al. (1963) Laterality e] fects in somesthesis following cerebral commissurotomy in man. Neu ropsychologia. 1: 209-215; Gazzaniga M. S. et al. (1965) Obser vations on visual perception after disconnection of the cerebral hem i spheres in man. Brain. 88: 221-236; а также Gazzaniga M.S., Sperry R. W. (1967) Language after section of the cerebral commis sures. Brain. 90:131-348.

9 Van Wagenen W. P, Herren R. Y. (1940) Surgical division of commissural pathways in the corpus callosum: relation to spread of an epileptic attack. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry. 44 (4): 740-759.

10 Akelaitis A. J. (1941) Studies on the corpus callosum: II. The higher visual functions in each homonymous field following complete section of the corpus callosum. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry. 45 (5): 788-796.

11 Sperry R. (1984) Consciousness, personal identity and the di vided brain. Neuropsychologia. 22 (6): 661-673.

12 Kutas M. et al. (1990) Late positive event-related potentials after commissural section in humans. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2 (3): 258-271.

13 Gazzaniga M. S. et al. (1967) Dyspraxia following division of the cerebral commissures. Archives of Neurology. 16 (6): 606-612.

14 См.: Nass R. D., Gazzaniga M. S. (1987) Cerebral late ralization and specialization in human central nervous system. In: Plum F. (ed.) Handbook of physiology (Sec. 1, V. 5, P. 701-761). Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society; а также Zaidel E. (1990) Language functions in the two hemispheres following cerebral commissurotomy and hemispherectomy. In: Boiler F., Grafman J. (eds.) Handbook of neuropsychology (V. 4, P. 115-150). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

15 Gazzaniga M.S., Smylie C.S. (1990) Hemispheric mechanisms controlling voluntary and spontaneous facial expressions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2 (3): 239-245.

16 Sperry R. W. (1968) Hemisphere deconnection and unity in conscious awareness. American Psychologist. 23 (10): 723-733.

17 Gazzaniga M. S. (1972) One brain - two minds? American Scientist. 60 (3): 311-317.

18 Sutherland S. (1989) The international dictionary of psychology. NY: Continuum.

19 Mac Kay D. M. (1991) Behind the eye. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

20 См.: Phelps E. A., Gazzaniga M.S. (1992) Hemispheric differences in mnemonic processing: the effects of left hemisphere interpretation. Neuropsychologia. 30 (3): 293-297; а также Metcalfe J. et al. (1995) Right-hemisphere memory superiority: studies of a split-brain patient. Psychological Science. 6 (3): 157-164.

21 Nelson M. E., Bower J. M. (1990) Brain maps and parallel computers. Trends in Neurosciences. 13 (10): 403-408.

22 Clarke D. D., Sokoloff L. (1999) Circulation and energy metabolism of the brain. In: Siegel G.J. et al. (eds.) Basic neurochemistry: molecular; cellular and medical aspects (6 ed., P. 637-670). Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven.

23 Striedter G. (2005) Principles of brain evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc.

24 Chen B. L. et al. (2006) Wiring optimization can relate neuronal structure and function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (12): 4723-4728.

25 См.: Hilgetag С. C. et al. (2000) Anatomical connectivity defines the organization of clusters of cortical areas in the macaque monkey and the cat. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B: Biological Sciences. 355 (1393): 91-110; Sporns O. et al. (2002) Theoretical neuroanatomy and the connectivity of the cerebral cortex. Behavioural Brain Research. 135 (1-2): 69-74; а также Sakata S. et al. (2005) Local design principles of mammalian cortical networks. Neuroscience Research. 51 (3): 309-315.

26 Watts D.J., Strogatz S. H. (1998) Collective dynamics of "small-world" networks. Nature. 393: 440-442.

27 См.: Gazzaniga M. S. (1989) Organization of the human brain. Science. 245 (4921): 947-952; а также Baynes K. et al. (1998) Modular organization of cognitive systems masked by inter hemispheric integration. Science. 280 (5365): 902-905.

28 Volpe B. T. et al. (1979) Information processing of visual stimuli in an "extinguished" field. Nature. 282 (5740): 722-724.

29 Nicolis G., Rouvas-Nicolis C. (2007) Complex systems. Scholarpedia. 2 (11): 1473.

30 Amaral L. A.N., Ottino J.M. (2004) Complex networks. Augmenting the framework for the study of complex systems. European Physical Journal B. 38: 147-162.

31 Varian H. R. (2007) Position auctions. International Journal of Industrial Organization. 25 (6): 1163-1178.

Глава 3. Интерпретатор

1 Aglioti S. et al. (1995) Size-contrast illusions deceive the eye but not the hand. Current Biology. 5 (6): 679-685.

2 Dehaene S. et al. (1998) Imaging unconscious semantic priming. Nature. 395: 597-600.

3 He S., MacLeod D.I.A. (2001) Orientation-selective adaptation and tilt after-effect from invisible patterns. Nature. 411: 473-476.

4 Gazzaniga M.S. (1989) Organization of the human brain. Science. 245 (4921): 947-952.

5 Derks P. L., Paclisanu M. I. (1967) Simple strategies in binary prediction by children and adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology. 73 (2): 278-285.

6 Wolford G. et al. (2000) The left hemisphere's role in hypothesis formation. Journal of Neuroscience. 20 (6): RC64.

7 Kleck R. E., Strenta A. (1980) Perceptions of the impact of negatively valued physical characteristics on social integration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 39 (5): 861-873.

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10 Wolford G. et al. (2004) Split decisions. In: Gazzaniga M.S. (ed.) The cognitive neurosciences III (P. 1189-1199). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

11 Corballis P. (2003) Visuospatialprocessing and the right-hemisphere interpreter. Brain and Cognition. 53 (2): 171-176.

12 Corballis P. M. et al. (1999) Illusory contour perception and a modal boundary completion: evidence of a dissociation following callosotomy. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 11 (4): 459-466.

13 Corballis P. M. etal. (2002) Hemispheric asymmetries for simple visual judgments in the split brain. Neuropsychologia. 40 (4): 401-410.

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15 См.: Funnell M. G. et al. (2003) Temporal discrimination in the split brain. Brain and Cognition. 53 (2): 218-222; а также Handy T. C. et al. (2003) Cortical and subcortical contributions to the representation of temporal information. Neuropsychologia. 41 (11): 1461-1473.

16 Hikosaka O. etal. (1993) Focal visual attention produces illusory temporal order and motion sensation. Vision Research. 33 (9): 1219-1240.

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18 Corballis P. M. et al. (2002) An investigation of the line motion effect in a callosotomy patient. Brain and Cognition. 48 (2-3): 327-332.

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20 Hirstein W., Ramachandran V. S. (1997) Capgras syndrome: a novel probe for understanding the neural representation of the identity and familiarity of persons. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B: Biological Sciences. 264 (1380): 437-444.

21 Doran J. M. (1990) The Capgras syndrome: neurological/neuropsychological perspectives. Neuropsychology. 4 (1): 29-42.

22 Roser M. E. et al. (2005) Dissociating processes supporting causal perception and causal inference in the brain. Neuropsychology. 19 (5): 591-602.

23 Gazzaniga M. S. (1983) Right hemisphere language following brain bisection: a 20-year perspective. American Psychologist. 38 (5): 525-537.

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25 Roser M., Gazzaniga M. S. (2004) Automatic brains - interpretive minds. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 13 (2): 56-59.

Глава 4. Отказ от понятия свободы воли

1 Частная беседа.

2 Fried I. et al. (1991) Functional organization of human supplementary motor cortex studied by electrical stimulation. Journal of Neuroscience. 11 (11): 3656-3666.

3 Thaler D. et al. (1995) The functions of the medial premotor cortex. /. Simple learned movements. Experimental Brain Research. 102 (3): 445-460.

4 Lau H. et al. (2006) Dissociating response selection and conflict in the medial frontal surface. Neuroimage. 29 (2): 446-451.

5 Lau H. CL et al. (2007) Manipulating the experienced onset of intention after action execution. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 19 (1): 1-10.

6 Vohs K. D., Schooler J. W. (2008) The value in believing in free will. Encouraging a belief in determinism increases cheating. Psychological Science. 19 (1): 49-54.

7 См.: Harmon-Jones Е., Mills J. (1999) Cognitive dissonance: progress on a pivotal theory in social psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; а также Mueller C.M., Dweek C.S. (1998) Intelligence praise can undermine motivation and performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 75: 33-52.

8 См.: Baumeister R. F. et al. (1998) Ego depletion: is the active self a limited resource? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 4: 1252-1265; Gailliot M. T. et al. (2007) Self-control relies on glucose as a limited energy source: willpower is more than a metaphor. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 92: 325-336; а также Vohs K. D. et al. (2008) Making choices impairs subsequent self-control: a limited-resource account of decision making, self-regulation, and active initiative. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 94: 883-898.

9 Baumeister R. F. et al. (2009) Prosocial benefits of feeling free: disbelief in free will increases aggression and reduces helpfulness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 35 (2): 260-268.

10 Dawkins R. (2006) Let's all stop beating Basil's car. Cm.: https://edge.org/q2006/q06_9.html

11 O’Connor J.J., Robertson E. F. (2008) Edward Norton Lorenz. Cm.: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Lorenz_Edward.html

12 Feynman R. (1998) The meaning of it all. NY: Perseus Books Group.

13 Bohr M. (1937) Causality and complementarity. Philosophy of Science. 4 (3): 289-298.

14 Isaacson W. (2007) Einstein: his life and universe. NY: Simon & Schuster.

15 Pattee H. H. (2001) Causation, control, and the evolution of complexity. In: Andersen R B. et al. (eds.) Downward causation: minds, bodies and matter (P 63-77). Copenhagen: Aarhus University Press.

16 Goldstein J. (1999) Emergence as a construct: history and issues. Emergence: Complexity and Organization. 1 (1): 49-72.

17 Laughlin R. B. (2006) A different universe: reinventing physics from the bottom down. NY: Basic Books.

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